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Abstract Details
Gut microbiome changes in Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease & alcoholic liver disease
Transl Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2021 Jan 5;6:3. doi: 10.21037/tgh.2020.02.18.eCollection 2021.
Eric K Kwong1, Puneet Puri23
Author information
1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGuire VA Medical Center, Richmond, VA, USA.
2Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, McGuire VA Medical Center, Richmond, VA, USA.
3Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcoholic liver disease (ALD) are some of the most common liver diseases worldwide. The human gut microbiome is dynamic and shifts in bacterial composition have been implicated in many diseases. Studies have shown that there is a shift in bacterial overgrowth favoring pro-inflammatory mediators in patients with advanced disease progression such as cirrhosis. Further investigation demonstrated that the transplantation of gut microbiota from advanced liver disease patients can reproduce severe liver inflammation and injury in mice. Various techniques in manipulating the gut microbiota have been attempted including fecal transplantation and probiotics. This review focuses on the changes in the gut microbiota as well as emerging lines of microbiome work with respect to NAFLD and ALD.