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Abstract Details
Lifestyle and Environmental Approaches for the Primary Prevention of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Clin Liver Dis. 2020 Nov;24(4):549-576. doi: 10.1016/j.cld.2020.06.002.Epub 2020 Aug 25.
Tracey G Simon1, Andrew T Chan2
Author information
1Division of Gastroenterology, GRJ-825C, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
2Division of Gastroenterology, GRJ-825C, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. Electronic address: achan@mgh.harvard.edu.
Abstract
Patients with chronic liver disease are at increased risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Most patients diagnosed with HCC have limited treatment options and a poor overall prognosis, with a 5-year survival less than 15%. Preventing the development of HCC represents the most important strategy. However, current guidelines lack specific recommendations for primary prevention. Lifestyle factors may be central in the pathogenesis of HCC, and primary prevention strategies focused on lifestyle modification could represent an important approach to the prevention of HCC. Both experimental and epidemiologic studies have identified promising chemopreventive agents for the primary prevention of HCC.