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Abstract Details
Statin Use Reduces the Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An Updated Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review
1Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Fairview Hospital, Cleveland, USA.
2Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, USA.
3Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, USA.
4Internal Medicine, University of Missouri at Kansas City, Kansas City, USA.
5Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, USA.
6Internal Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Alramtha, JOR.
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary tumor of the liver resulting in approximately 800,000 deaths annually. A growing body of research investigating statin use and HCC risk has shown conflicting results. We aim to evaluate the current evidence of statin impact on HCC risk. We performed a comprehensive literature search in PubMed, PubMed Central, Embase, and ScienceDirect databases from inception through May 2019 to identify all studies that evaluated the association between statin use and HCC. We included studies that presented an odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) or presented data sufficient to calculate the OR with a 95% CI. Statistical analysis was performed using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA), Version 3 software, and a Forrest plot was generated. We assessed for publication bias using conventional techniques. Twenty studies (three randomized controlled trials, six cohorts, and 11 case-controls) with 2,668,497 patients including 24,341 cases of HCC were included in the meta-analysis. Our findings indicate a significant risk reduction of HCC among all statin users with a pooled odds ratio of 0.573 (95% CI: 0.491-0.668, I2= 86.57%) compared to non-users. No publication bias was found using Egger's regression test or on visual inspection of the generated Funnel plot. The results indicate that statin use was associated with a 43% lower risk of HCC compared to statin non-users. Further prospective randomized research is needed to confirm the association.