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Abstract Details
Hepatitis C coinfection and extrahepatic cancer incidence among people living with HIV
HIV Med. 2022 Jul;23(6):620-628. doi: 10.1111/hiv.13218. Epub 2021 Dec 23.
1Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
2University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
3Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
4University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.
5University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
6University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
7Institute for Global Health & Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
8Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
9Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Oakland, California, USA.
10Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California, USA.
11Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
Abstract
Objectives: We assessed the incidence of extrahepatic cancer among people with HIV/HCV coinfection and the potential impact of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) on extrahepatic cancer risk among people with HIV/HCV coinfection.
Design: Our study cohort included adults who initiated HIV care at a CNICS site in the US during 1995-2017, excluding those with previous cancer and without HCV testing.
Methods: We used Cox regression to estimate hazard ratios for extrahepatic cancer incidence among patients with HIV/HCV coinfection compared with those with HIV monoinfection. Standardized morbidity ratio (SMR) weights were used to create a 'pseudopopulation' in which all patients were treated with antiretroviral therapy (ART), and to compare extrahepatic cancer incidence among patients with untreated HIV/HCV coinfection with the incidence that would have been observed if they had been successfully treated for HCV.
Results: Of 18 422 adults, 1775 (10%) had HCV RNA and 10 899 (59%) were on ART at baseline. Incidence rates of any extrahepatic cancer among patients with HIV/HCV coinfection and HIV monoinfection were 1027 and 771 per 100 000 person-years, respectively. In SMR-weighted analyses, the risk of any extrahepatic cancer among patients with untreated HCV coinfection at baseline was similar to the risk if they had been successfully treated for HCV. Patients with untreated HCV coinfection at baseline had higher incidence of kidney, lung and inflammation-related cancers than if their HCV had been successfully treated, but these associations were not statistically significant.
Conclusions: We did not find evidence that treating HCV coinfection with DAAs would reduce the incidence of extrahepatic cancers among people with HIV receiving ART.