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Abstract Details
Premenopausal Syndrome and NAFLD: A New Approach Based on Gender Medicine
Biomedicines. 2022 May 20;10(5):1184. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines10051184.
1Personalized Medicine Laboratory, National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, Via Turi 27, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy.
2Laboratory of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, Via Turi 27, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy.
3UniCamillus Saint Camillus International, University of Health Sciences, Via di Sant'Alessandro 8, 00131 Rome, Italy.
4Scientific Direction, National Institute of Gastroenterology "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, Via Turi 27, 70013 Castellana Grotte, Italy.
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a multifactorial condition that affects 25% of the world's population. There is a clear difference in both geographical distribution and sex in childbearing age. These differences are reduced when women become older and senescence begins. The factors that affect the likelihood of developing NAFLD in a premenopausal woman are an imbalance of sex hormones (especially in estradiol and androgen), microbiome dysregulation, insulin resistance, early menarche, the length of time that the woman breastfeeds for and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). The aim of this review is to identify various physical ailments that may not appear to be serious to young women but that then affect the onset of NAFLD in perimenopause and can degenerate into NASH. These conditions should also be considered in future clinical management, as well as in research opportunities, in order to customize the monitoring and treatment of NAFLD, considering gender medicine for those women who had early metabolic symptoms that were not considered to be significant at the time.