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Abstract Details
Dietary patterns in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): Stay on the straight and narrow path!
Clin Investig Arterioscler. 2022 Feb 4;S0214-9168(21)00155-8. doi: 10.1016/j.arteri.2021.10.001.Online ahead of print.
[Article in English, Spanish]
Niki Katsiki1, Anca Pantea Stoian2, Manfredi Rizzo3
Author information
1First Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes Center, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece. Electronic address: nikikatsiki@hotmail.com.
2Department of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.
3Department of Health Promotion Sciences Maternal and Infantile Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Italy; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most frequent hepatic disease globally. NAFLD patients are at an increased risk of both liver and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, as well as all-cause death. NAFLD prevalence is rapidly increasing worldwide and, thus, there is an urgent need for health policies to tackle its development and complications. Currently, since there is no drug therapy officially indicated for this disease, lifestyle interventions remain the first-line therapeutic option. In the present narrative review, we discuss the effects of certain dietary patterns on NAFLD incidence and progression. The Mediterranean diet is regarded as the diet of choice for the prevention/treatment of NAFLD and its complications, based on the available evidence. Other plant-based dietary patterns (poor in saturated fat, refined carbohydrates, red and processed meats) are also beneficial [i.e., Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and vegetarian/vegan diets], whereas more data are needed to establish the role of ketogenic, intermittent fasting and paleo diets in NAFLD. Nevertheless, there is no "one-size-fits-all" dietary intervention for NAFLD management. Clinicians should discuss with their patients and define the diet that each individual prefers and is able to implement in his/her daily life.
Keywords: Ayuno intermitente; Dieta cetogénica; Dieta de enfoques alimentarios para detener la hipertensión; Dieta mediterránea; Dieta paleo; Dieta vegetariana; Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet; Enfermedad de hígado graso no alcohólico; Intermittent fasting; Ketogenic diet; Mediterranean diet; Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; Paleo diet; Vegetarian diet.