Author information
1
Infections and Immunoepidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland.
2
Demographic and Health Surveys, ICF International, Rockville, Maryland.
3
Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California.
4
Department of Infectious Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, China.
5
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California.
6
Information Management Services, Calverton, Maryland.
7
Urban Health Study, University of California San Francisco.
8
Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York.
Abstract
People who inject drugs (PWID) are commonly exposed to hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis D virus (HDV). We evaluated the prevalence of HDV viremia among hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive PWID (n = 73) using a new quantitative microarray antibody capture (Q-MAC) assay, HDV western blot, and HDV RNA. HDV Q-MAC performed well in this cohort: anti-HDV, 100% sensitivity and specificity; HDV viremia, 61.5% sensitivity and 100% specificity. Hepatitis D viremia was present in 35.6% of HBsAg-positive participants and was more common in those with resolved compared to chronic hepatitis C (5.1% vs 0.6%; adjusted odds ratio, 9.80; P < .0001).