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Abstract Details
Combination Immunotherapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Where Are We Currently?
Semin Liver Dis. 2021 May 6. doi: 10.1055/s-0040-1722646. Online ahead of print.
Pedro Luiz Serrano Uson Junior123, Bolni Marius Nagalo1234, Daniel H Ahn1, Tanios Bekaii-Saab1, Mitesh J Borad1234
Author information
1Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona.
2Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
3Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona.
4Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
Abstract
The past decade has seen a rise in the availability of breakthrough therapeutic strategies for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A tumor microenvironment in HCC is regulated by various immunotolerance mechanisms; therefore, therapeutic strategies aiming at disrupting tumor immune tolerance are becoming attractive curative options in HCC. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have demonstrated impressive effectiveness in HCC, including in sorafenib-unresponsive patients. Synergistic approaches with checkpoint inhibitors (anti-PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4) and antiangiogenic drugs are burgeoning as first-line treatment therapeutic modalities in HCC.